This section provides an overview for water treatment plants as well as their applications and principles. Also, please take a look at the list of 10 water treatment plant manufacturers and their company rankings.
A water treatment plant is a facility that treats sewage and wastewater to improve water quality. They are mainly used in factories and sewage treatment plants.
Sewage and wastewater contain various impurities, many of which are toxic. If toxic substances in water are discharged into the environment or used as domestic water without treatment, they can cause serious damage to the human body and the environment.
Water treatment plants can remove or detoxify these harmful substances. Water treatment plants are indispensable for safe and environmentally conscious water use.
Water treatment plants can improve water quality by removing harmful substances from the water to be treated. Water treatment plants are widely used to treat industrial wastewater and sewage containing large amounts of hazardous substances.
Impurities in water before treatment include metallic components and organic matter. For example, cadmium, one of the metal components, is toxic and is well known as a causative agent of cancer. By removing these toxic substances in water treatment plants, health hazards and environmental destruction can be prevented.
Each water treatment plant uses different treatment methods and removes different substances. Therefore, it is necessary to select the appropriate one depending on the quality of the water to be treated.
Sedimentation, filtration, pressure flotation separation, and coagulation are the most common treatment methods used to remove suspended solids. They can be used for both organic and inorganic substances and are widely used. When the particles of suspended solids are small or soluble, they are sometimes combined with another treatment.
Plants using biological treatment are active in the treatment of industrial wastewater and sewage treatment. Biological treatment plants can decompose organic matter using the power of microorganisms. They are suitable for treating industrial wastewater in the food industry, which has a high concentration of organic matter and sewage containing feces and urine.
For the treatment of inorganic substances, alkaline chemicals are effective. Among inorganic substances, those classified as heavy metals tend to precipitate with alkalinity. Adding sodium hydroxide, for example, to water will cause the heavy metals to precipitate, allowing them to be separated.
A typical example of chemical treatment is coagulation and precipitation by turning dissolved metals, etc., into hydroxides or sulfides, and insolubilizes them. It is also possible to extract target substances selectively, such as hazardous substances or valuable metals, but since homogenization of the raw solution and reaction speed must also be taken into consideration, each reaction requires multiple steps and may require larger facilities.
As for biochemical treatment, decomposition of organic matter and nitrogen compounds by microorganisms is another effective treatment method. Although it does not require as much energy as decomposition by combustion, it requires appropriate temperature control and residence time, so large facilities are essential.
Physical treatment includes sedimentation and centrifugal separation using gravity, filtration and membrane separation using size separation, and physical adsorption using activated carbon. Water treatment plants manufacturers combine these technologies to create unique treatment processes depending on the purpose, such as what range of water volume to design for, the volume of the raw water tank, whether to pressurize the tank for sedimentation, whether to use a filter press for the filtration machine, or whether to add a sand filtration tower after the activated carbon Water treatment plants manufacturers are building their own treatment processes that combine these technologies depending on the purpose of the plant.
Because water treatment plants are based on a reasonably priced design that facilitates continuous operation and management, they tend to be perceived as "low-maintenance" facilities with labor-saving daily operation and management. On the other hand, if there is a problem, it will affect the entire process, and the impact of the problem can be extremely large.
Water is a natural part of our daily lives, and along with electricity, it is indispensable to our daily lives. However, its importance is sometimes lost in our daily lives.
When the main business of both public facilities and corporate facilities goes underperforming, the maintenance of the water treatment plants, which is the lower process, is often neglected. Just as the toilets in a failing restaurant are dirty, experience has shown that the condition of the water treatment plants often reflects the condition of the parent company.
*Including some distributors, etc.
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